ZX CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
!
!    The goals of the design are to:
!         1.  Deliver 60 MA to a z-pinch with an implosion time less than 350 ns; and
!         2.  Limit the outer diameter of the accelerator to 108-foot (33-m), which is the 
!              diameter of Z and ZR.
!
!    Following Mazarakis, Kim, and colleagues, the design assumes LTD-module drivers.
!
!    The design presented below is a single-line model of the machine.
!
!    This file models the LTD module as 15 LTD drive circuits connected in series; each
!    drive circuit is a model of two LTD cavities in series.
!
!    The time interval between switches in adjacent cavities is assumed to be 6.6 ns, the
!    length of a single cavity.
!
!    22 February 2007
!
!
!
TIME-STEP              0.1E-9
RESOLUTION-TIME    1.0E-9
END-TIME                1.0E-6
NUMBER-PRINTS      1
EXECUTE-CYCLES     ALL
ECHO                       YES
GRIDS                      NO
MAX-POINTS            8000
DETAIL-PRINTS        FULL
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
!   *********   LTD module   *****************************************************
!
!    We begin with a model of 24 LTD-module generators, connected in parallel.
!
!    We assume each LTD module consists of 30 LTD cavities, connected in series.
!
!    We use for this calculation the RLC circuit model of an LTD system that was developed
!    by Mazarakis and colleagues.
!
!
!    We assume each LTD cavity has a capacitance of 6000 nF.
!
RCG  1.000E12    72.0E-6
!
!
!    We assume each cavity is charged to +/-100 kV.
!
INITIAL    VC1      400.0E3
!
!
!    We assume each cavity has a resistance of 0.015 ohms, and an inductance of 7.5 nH.
!
RLS   0.00125      0.625E-9
!
!
!    We assume each cavity has a core loss that can be modeled as a shunt resistance of
!    1.536 ohms.
!
RCG     0.128         1.0E-12
!
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.006447   0.006447
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN2
UFO IIN
$ITRIN2
UFO PIN
$PTRIN2
UFO EIN
$ETRIN2
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9   0.01289  0.01289              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN4
UFO IIN
$ITRIN4
UFO PIN
$PTRIN4
UFO EIN
$ETRIN4
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.01934  0.01934              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN6
UFO IIN
$ITRIN6
UFO PIN
$PTRIN6
UFO EIN
$ETRIN6
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.02579  0.02579              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN8
UFO IIN
$ITRIN8
UFO PIN
$PTRIN8
UFO EIN
$ETRIN8
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.03224  0.03224              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN10
UFO IIN
$ITRIN10
UFO PIN
$PTRIN10
UFO EIN
$ETRIN10
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.03868  0.03868             
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN12
UFO IIN
$ITRIN12
UFO PIN
$PTRIN12
UFO EIN
$ETRIN12
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.04513  0.04513             
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN14
UFO IIN
$ITRIN14
UFO PIN
$PTRIN14
UFO EIN
$ETRIN14
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.05158  0.05158             
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN16
UFO IIN
$ITRIN16
UFO PIN
$PTRIN16
UFO EIN
$ETRIN16
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.05802  0.05802              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN18
UFO IIN
$ITRIN18
UFO PIN
$PTRIN18
UFO EIN
$ETRIN18
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.06447  0.06447              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN20
UFO IIN
$ITRIN20
UFO PIN
$PTRIN20
UFO EIN
$ETRIN20
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.07092  0.07092              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN22
UFO IIN
$ITRIN22
UFO PIN
$PTRIN22
UFO EIN
$ETRIN22
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.07737  0.07737              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN24
UFO IIN
$ITRIN24
UFO PIN
$PTRIN24
UFO EIN
$ETRIN24
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.08381  0.08381              
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN26
UFO IIN
$ITRIN26
UFO PIN
$PTRIN26
UFO EIN
$ETRIN26
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.09026  0.09026          
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN28
UFO IIN
$ITRIN28
UFO PIN
$PTRIN28
UFO EIN
$ETRIN28
!
!
ADDER
!
TOPBRANCH
!
TRL LIN 13.2E-9  0.09671  0.09671             
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN30
UFO IIN
$ITRIN30
UFO PIN
$PTRIN30
UFO EIN
$ETRIN30
!
!
!
!   ********   Monolithic radial-transmission-line impedance transformers   *********
!
!
!    We assume that there are 4 radial transmission lines in parallel, and that they
!    start at a radius of 30 feet.
!
!    We also assume that at this radius the impedance of the machine is (2.321/24) = 
!    0.0967 ohms, the impedance at the output is 0.1370 ohms, and that the
!    transformers have exponential impedance profiles.
!
TRL EXP 191.0E-9  0.0967  0.1370
!
UFO  VIN
$VTRIN
UFO IIN
$ITRIN
UFO PIN
$PTRIN
UFO EIN
$ETRIN
!
!
!
!   **************  Stack and MITLs   **************************************
!
!   We assume that the total stack-MITL system has approximately the same
!   13-nH total inductance as we had on Z.  We assume 9.64 nH is outside the convolute,
!   and 3.36 nH is inside.
!
RLS  1.0E-12    9.64E-9
!
!
UFO VIN
$VSTACK
UFO IIN
$ISTACK
UFO PIN
$PSTACK
UFO EIN
$ESTACK
!
!
!   ***************  Z-flow loss at the convolute   *******************************
!
!   We assume a Z-flow impedance of 0.25 ohms:
!
RCG     0.0001          1.00E-10
VARIABLE R1      POS-MODEL 
!  TSW   CURSW   TOPEN  ZFLOW  GSWMIN  GSWMAX  CBFLAG
   2E-9   1E2    2E-9   0.25   .0001     10000     0
!
!
!   ***************   The inner MITL and initial  pinch inductance  *******************
!
RLS         0       3.36E-9
!
! 
!    *********   Time-dependent z-pinch model   **********************************
!
!    We assume a 10-mm initial radius, a 10-mm length, and a 10:1 convergence ratio.
! 
!               INITIAL R      LENGTH    TOTAL MASS     FINAL R
CYLFOIL      0.010         0.010       800.0e-6          0.001
!
!
!   Z-pinch parameters:
!
UFO L2
$LINDUC
UFO EL2
$LME
UFO VL2
$LVOLT
UFO IL2
$ILOAD
UFO FKE
$LKE
UFO FVEL
$LVEL
UFO FRAD
$LRADIUS
!
!
!   ********   Tie it all back to ground   ***********************************
!
!
RCG  1.0E-12
!
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   13.2E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   26.4E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   39.6E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   52.8E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   66.0E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   79.2E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   92.4E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   105.6E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   118.8E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   132.0E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   145.2E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   158.4E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
!
!
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   171.6E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
BRANCH
RCG   0.128      1.0E-12
!
RLS     1E5       0.625E-9
!
VAR R2 DEC
1E5  0.00125   184.8E-9  1.00E-11
!
RCG  1.000E12       72.0E-6
!
INITIAL    VC1        -400.0E3
!
!
